delicious recipe
resep masakan indonesia
resep masakan indonesia
Adi Sucipto News and Entertainment

Territorial Dioceses and Ethnic Episcopies in the Structure of the Church Organization of the First Bulgarian Kingdom (Canonical Aspects)

Archpriest Alexander Zadornov

Abstract


The coexistence of ethnic and territorial principles in the structure of ecclesiastical organizations is a well known fact in church history. Both principles are equally legitimate from the point of view of canonical law. The “ethnic principle” was based on legal norms of the so-called 34th Apostolic Rule, and contrary to the opinion of scholars of the 19th century, it was still in use after the era of the Ecumenical Councils. This fact must be considered by students of the history of Church organizations in the First Bulgarian Kingdom, too. The observations regarding the structure of church organizations in Simeonic Bulgaria make it possible to assume the coexistence of ethnic and territorial principles of church organizations in his kingdom. As is known, Slavonic church schools were established in the southwestern part of the First Bulgarian Kingdom after 886. They were aimed at training the Slavonic clergy for the Slavonic church organization. In 893, the Bulgarian King Simeon was elevated to the throne, and a Slavonic eparchy headed by St. Clement of Ohrid was established in the southwestern territories of the First Bulgarian Kingdom. As a result, heterogeneous church organizations were established in the region, and church structures of ethnic and territorial types appeared. They differ from each other by the language of their church services. Old Church Slavonic must have been used as a liturgical language in the ethnic Slavonic eparchy. Since direct historical evidence for such heterogeneous church structure in the First Bulgarian Kingdom is absent, new interpretations of sources made on the basis of canonical law can be of importance for Slavonic studies.

Keywords


Boris I of Bulgaria; Simeon I of Bulgaria; St. Clement of Ohrid; First Bulgarian Empire; diocese; eparchy; canon law; commandments of the Church; liturgical language; Russian canonical studies

References


Bartoňková D., Haderka K., Havlík L., Ludvíkovský J., Vašica J., Večerka R., Magnae Moraviae fontes historici, 4, Brno, 1971.

Darrouzès J., Notitiae episcopatuum Ecclesiae Constantinopolitanae, Paris, 1981.

Floria B. N., Turilov A. A., Ivanov S. A., Sudʹby kirillo-mefodievskoi traditsii posle Kirilla i Mefodiia, St. Petersburg, 2000.

Joannou P.-P., Discipline générale antique (IVe – IXe s.), 1/1, Grottaferrata, 1961.

Joannou P.-P., Discipline générale antique (IVe – IXe s.), 1/2, Grottaferrata, 1962.

Kočev N., “Zur Frage der Bischofinstitution in der bulgarischen und serbischen Kirche während des 9. bis zum 14. Jh.,” Études Balkaniques, 14/4, 1978, 62–69.

Koycheva E., Kochev N., “Bolgarskoe gosudarstvo s serediny VIII do kontsa IX v.,” in: Rannefeodalʹnye gosudarstva i narodnosti, Moscow, 1991, 51–68.

Maksimovich K. A., “Drevnerusskaia Efremovskaia kormchaia XII v.: lokalizatsiia perevoda v sviazi s istoriei teksta,” in: Lingvisticheskoe istochnikovedenie i istoriia russkogo iazyka. 2004–2005, Moscow, 2006, 102–113.

Morozov M. A., Monastyri srednevekovoi Vizantii: Khoziaistvo, sotsialʹnyi i pravovoi statusy, St. Petersburg, 2005.

Muçaj S., Xhyheri S., Ristani I., Pentkovskiy A. M., “Medieval Churches in Shushica Valley (South Albania) and the Slavonic Bishopric of St. Clement of Ohrid,” Slověne, 3/1, 2014, 5–42.

Nasledova R. L., “Makedonskie slaviane kontsa IX – nachala X v. po dannym Ioanna Kameniaty,” Vizantiyskiy Vremennik, 11, 1956, 82–97.

Naumenko V. E., “K voprosu o tserkovno-administrativnom ustroistve Tavriki v VIII–IX vv. (po dannym Notitiae episcopatuum),” in: Antichnaia drevnostʹ i srednie veka, 34, Yekaterinburg, 2003, 123–145.

Naumenko V. E., “K voprosu o statuse slavianskikh ‘arkhontii’ Makedonii i Gretsii v ‘temnye veka’,” in: Rossiia i mir: sbornik nauchnykh statei, posviashchennyi 70-letiiu istoricheskogo fakulʹteta Ural'skogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, Yekaterinburg, 2008, 179–189.

Pashkov D., “Episkopiia,” in: Pravoslavnaia entsiklopediia, 18, Moscow, 2008, 527–528.

Pentkovskiy A. M., “Slavonic Liturgy in the Archdiocese of Archbishop Methodius,” in: Sveti Ćirilo i Metodije i slovensko pisano nasleđe (863–2013), Beograd, 2014, 25–102.

Pentkovskiy A. M., “On the History of the Slavonic Worship of the Byzantine Rite in the Initial Period (Late 9th–Early 10th c.): Addenda et corrigenda,” Bogoslovskie trudy, 46, 2015, 117–146.

Shchapov Ya. N., Vizantiiskoe i iuzhnoslavianskoe pravovoe nasledie na Rusi v XI–XIII vv., Moscow, 1978.

Snegarov I., “Uchrediavaneto na Bŭlgarskata pravoslavna tsŭrkva,” Makedonski pregled, 8/1, 1932, 1–40.

Sokolov I. I., Izbranie arkhiereev v Vizantii IX–XV vv. Izbranie patriarkhov v Aleksandriiskoi tserkvi v XVIII i XIX stoletiiakh, St. Petersburg, 2004.

Tapkova-Zaimova V., “Struktura Bolgarskogo gosudarstva (konets IX – nachalo XI v.) i problema gegemonii na Balkanakh,” in: Rannefeodalʹnye gosudarstva i narodnosti, Moscow, 1991, 137–149.

Troickij S., “Ktitorsko pravo u Vizantiji i nemančkoj Srbiji,” Glas Srpske Kralevske akademije, 168, 1935, 79–135.

Troickij S. V., “Apostol slavianstva sv. Mefodii kak kanonist,” Zhurnal Moskovskoi Patriarkhii, 3, 1958, 38–51.

Troickij S. V., Crkveno pravo, D. M. Mitrović, transl., ed., Beograd, 2011.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.




Copyright (c) 2016 Archpriest Alexander Zadornov

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.