Email this article 
Post a Comment Walking on the Sun in the History of the Russian Church
Abstract
A peculiarity of the Old Russian divine service, preserved by the Old Believers, is a combination of sunwise (clockwise) and counter-sunwise (anti-clockwise) movement, conditioned by the organisation of the church space: in the altar space it was customary to walk against the sun (i.e. anti-clockwise), while outside this limited space, as a rule, one walked according to the sun (clockwise). This differs both from the Greek worship, where circular movement is performed anti-clockwise, and from the Latin (Catholic) worship, where it is usually performed clockwise. The direction of circular motion was considered to be very important, and in the history of the Church there have repeatedly arisen fierce disputes on this issue: one such dispute led to an unprecedented conflict between the head of the Russian Church and the head of the Russian state, another led to something even more serious: the schism in the Russian Church. What was behind these conflicts? Why was the Old Russian rite different from the Greek rite? Why was circular movement in opposite directions united in the Russian rite? The author tries to answer these and related questions
DOI: 10.31168/2305-6754.2025.1.01
Keywords
Full Text:
PDF (Русский)References
Afanasyeva T. I., Kozak V. V., Molkov G. A., Sharikhina M. G., Evkhologii Velikoi Tserkvi v slaviano-russkom perevode kontsa XІV veka: issledovanie i tekst, Moscow, St. Petersburg, 2019.
Belyakova E. V., Uchrezhdenie avtokefalii russkoi tserkvi v politicheskoi mysli XV–XVI vekov, Rimsko-konstantinopol′skoe nasledie na Rusi: ideia vlasti i politicheskaia praktika, Moscow, 1995, 288–302.
Bubnov N. Yu., ed., Pamiatniki staroobriadcheskoi pis'mennosti: Sochineniia Gerontiia Solovetskogo, Istoriia o patriarkhe Nikone, St. Petersburg, 2006.
Kloss B. M., Nazarov V. D., Polemicheskoe sochinenie 1481 goda o khozhdenii “posolon′”, Kleimola A. M., Lehnhof G. D., eds., Culture and Identity in Muscovy, 1359–1584, Moscow, 1997, 350–390.
Lapin B., Tikhookeanskii dnevnik, Moscow, 1930.
Larin V., The Byzantine Hierarchal Divine Liturgy in Arsenij Suxanov’s Proskinitarij (= Orientalia Christiana Analecta, 286), Rome, 2010.
Lurie Ya. S., Nezavisimyi letopisnyi svod kontsa XV v — istochnik Sofiiskoi ІІ i L'vovskoi letopisei, Trudy Otdela drevnerusskoi literatury, 27, 1973, 405–419.
Lurie Ya. S., Obshcherusskie letopisi XIV–XV vv., Leningrad, 1976.
Lurie Ya. S., Russkie sovremenniki Vozrozhdeniia: knigopisets Efrosin, d′iak Fedor Kuritsyn, Leningrad, 1988.
Maslov N. V., ed., Ioann (Maslov), schiarhimandritul, Dukhovnye rassuzhdeniia i nravstvennye uroki, Moscow, 2011.
Meyendorff P., ed., St. Germanus, Patriarch of Constantinople, Skazanie o Tserkvi i rassmotrenie tainstv, Moscow, 1995.
Nasonov A. N., Istoriia russkogo letopisaniia XІ – nachala XVIII v., Moscow, 1969.
Nasonov A. N., Literaturnye pamiatniki Tverskogo kniazhestva, Izvestiia AN SSSR, 9–10, 1930, 709–738, 739–773.
Nußbaum O., Die Bewertung von Rechts und Links in der römischen Liturgie, Idem, Geschichte und Reform des Gotteddienstes: Liturgiewissenschaftlichen Untersuchungen, Paderborn, [1996], 275–292.
Pechatnov V. V., Bozhestvennaia liturgiia v Rossii i Gretsii: Sravnitel′noe izuchenie sovremennogo china, Moscow, 2008.
Pechnikov M. V., Posolon′ khozhdenie, Pravoslavnaia entsiklopediia, 57, Moscow, 2020, 590–592.
Pentkovskiy A. M., The Typicon of the Patriarch Alexis the Studite in Byzantium and Russia, Moscow, 2001.
Podossinov A. V., The liturgical movement in sacred space: on the classical origins of Eastern Christian rites, A. M. Lidov, ed., Hierotopy: Creation of Sacred Spaces in Byzantium and Medieval Russia, Moscow, 2004, 52–54.
Sedelnikov A. D., Rasskaz 1490 goda ob inkvizitsii, Trudy Komissii po drevnerusskoi literature, 1, Leningrad, 1932, 33–57.
Taft R. F., A History of the Liturgy of St. John Chrisostom, 2, The Great Entrance: A History of the Transfer of Gifts and other Pre-anaphoral Rites, 4th ed., Roma, 2004.
Trempelas P. N., Ai treis leitourgiai katὰ toys en Athēnais kōdikas, Athens, 1997.
Uspenskij B. A., A strange oath of Ivan III, Studi Slavistici, 18/2, 2021, 23–32.
Uspenskij B. A., Krest i krug: iz istorii khristianskoi simvoliki, Moscow, 2006.
Uspenskij B. A., Tsar′ i patriarkh: Kharizma vlasti v Rossii. Vizantiiskaia model′ i ee russkoe pereosmyslenie, Moscow, 1998.
Uspenskij B. A., Vospriiatie istorii v drevnei Rusi i doktrina “Moskva – tretii Rim”, Idem, Etiudy o russkoi istorii, St. Petersburg, 2002, 89–148.
Zernova A. S., Knigi kirillovskoi pechati, izdannye v Moskve v XVI–XVII vekakh: Svodnyi katalog, Moscow, 1958.
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2025 Boris A. Uspenskij
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.